Prayer: Conditions for the Exception of Adhan and Iqamah
Practical Laws of Islam as per the teachings of Ayatullah Sistani
Ruling 911
Apart from the case mentioned in the previous ruling, adhan and iqamah become excepted if six conditions are fulfilled:
1. Congregational prayers are performed in a mosque; if they are not performed in a mosque, then adhan and iqamah are not excepted.
2. Adhan and iqamah have already been said for that prayer;
3. The congregational prayer is not invalid;
4. his prayer and the congregational prayer take place in one place; therefore, if the congregational prayer is performed inside a mosque and he wants to perform prayers on the mosque’s rooftop, it is recommended that he say adhan and iqamah;
5. The congregational prayer is performed within its prescribed time, but it is not a condition that his prayer also be one that is performed within its prescribed time if he is performing it on his own;
6. His prayer and the congregational prayer are performed in a time that is common to both; for example, both perform ẓuhr prayers or both perform ʿaṣr prayers, or the prayer that is performed in congregation is ẓuhr and he performs ʿaṣr prayers, or he performs ẓuhr prayers and the congregational prayer is ʿaṣr. However, if the congregational prayer is ʿaṣr and it is being performed at the end of its prescribed time [and the rows have not yet broken up] and he wants to perform maghrib within its prescribed time, then adhan and iqamah are not excepted.